FOR RELEASE September 23, 2008
For information contact
Amber Black, (413) 529-0063
amber@rfc.org
STATEMENT BY MICHAEL AND ROBERT MEEROPOL
September 23, 2008
On September 11th, the transcript covering testimony of 43 of the 46* witnesses who appeared in front of the Grand Jury investigating our parents in 1950-1951 was made public. (*Only a portion of the testimony of Harry Gold, a key prosecution witness, was made available, and legal efforts to date have failed to win the release of testimony of three other witnesses, including Ethel Rosenberg’s brother, David Greenglass, the most crucial witness in the case.)
This historic release of information coincided with an article that appeared on the same date in The New York Times interviewing Morton Sobell, our parents’ co-defendant. Ever since his arrest more than 50 years ago, Morton had maintained his innocence. But in last week’s interview he stated that he and Julius Rosenberg passed non-atomic military intelligence to the Soviets during World War II in an effort to help them defeat the Nazis. Morton has since written a letter to The New York Times clarifying the extent of his personal knowledge of our father’s activities.
We have received many inquiries seeking our reactions to these revelations. Now that we have read all 930 pages of Grand Jury testimony that have been released, and have had an opportunity to integrate this new information with the rest of the historical record, we are sharing the following reactions.
1) In 1975, we made our initial Freedom of Information Act request to the U.S. Government for all the materials in its possession pertaining to the investigation, arrests and executions of our parents, as well as all material related to Morton Sobell. In our press release announcing that FOIA request we stated, “The truth is more important than our personal political position.” We meant it. Though we believed then that this material would prove our parents’ and Morton’s innocence, we have always been willing to accept whatever the record showed.
2) Since the 1980’s we have maintained that it is possible that our father engaged in non-atomic espionage, but that there is no credible evidence that he participated in ANY activities that resulted in him obtaining or passing the “secret of the Atomic Bomb” to the Soviets. Morton’s statement, buttressed by his letter published in The New York Times on September 19th, 2008, moves us to acknowledge that Julius did, in fact, participate with others in passing along military information. But at the same time, we believe the still-evolving record makes it even clearer that Julius did not “steal” or transmit the “secret of the Atomic Bomb,” the crime for which he was executed.
3) The newly-released Grand Jury testimony provides several bombshells, three of which we outline below.
* David and Ruth Greenglass, (our mother’s brother and sister-in-law), cooperated with the prosecution in exchange for no charges being brought against Ruth, and a comparatively light sentence for David. It was Ruth’s trial testimony that provided the one, key piece of evidence that led to our mother’s conviction and subsequent execution. In February 1951, months after the investigation began, Ruth made a new statement in which she reported (we say, “invented”), for the first time, the allegation that Ethel had typed David’s handwritten notes describing the Atomic Bomb. (Such an act would have made Ethel an active participant in the alleged spy ring.)
Confronted with Ruth’s revised statement, David then contradicted his earlier statement to the FBI in which he had denied our mother’s participation in any espionage activities. This sudden appearance, late in the investigation, of what turned out to be the key testimony against Ethel, is why the future release of David Greenglass’ Grand Jury testimony is crucial. Until that information becomes available, we will be left to wonder: Did David corroborate to the Grand Jury what he first told the FBI (that Ethel was not a participant in espionage activities)? Or did he tell the Grand Jury something about Ethel’s alleged involvement?
Obtaining the full record is essential, because both David and Ruth testified about the typing at the trial. In fact, in his summation to the jury, the prosecutor drove home the case against our mother by referencing Ethel’s alleged typing when he declared, “Just so had she on countless other occasions sat at that typewriter and struck the keys, blow by blow, against her own country in the interests of the Soviets.”
* We now know that despite being a cooperative witness trying to remain in the prosecutor’s good graces by providing as much evidence as possible, Ruth’s Grand Jury testimony included NOTHING about Ethel ever typing any notes or even being present at the meeting involving the notes. Also, in a damning contradiction to her later trial testimony, Ruth stated that SHE, HERSELF hand-wrote the only notes and they described the buildings at Los Alamos not the Atomic Bomb.
* The alleged meeting where the so-called “secret of the Atom Bomb sketch” was drawn, (Exhibit 8 at the trial), is not mentioned in Ruth’s testimony. Exhibit 8 was the main evidence for the government’s claim that, to quote the trial judge, “The conspiracy was successful with respect to the Atom Bomb secret.” If it is also absent from David’s Grand Jury testimony that will deal a crippling blow to the core of the government’s case against Ethel AND Julius.
4) All that we have learned in the last two weeks, coupled with all that we have gleaned from the information already available, reinforces the biggest lesson of our parents’ case: The U.S. Government abused its power in truly dangerous ways that are still very relevant today.
Those in power who were involved in our parents’ case:
* Created and fueled anti-communist hysteria, then capitalized on that political climate by targeting our parents, and making them the focus of the public’s Cold War-era fear and anger
* Manufactured testimony and evidence
* Arrested Ethel simply as leverage to get Julius to cooperate with the prosecution – (her arrest occurred at a time when a Justice Department official asserted that there was not enough evidence to indict her)
* Used the ultimate weapon— the threat of death—to try to extort a confession from our parents and force them to name and testify against others
* Created the myth that there was a key “secret” of the Atomic Bomb, and then devised a strategy to make it appear that Julius had sought out and passed on that “secret”
* Executed Julius when he refused to cooperate, despite knowing that the “secret” used to justify the death penalty was a prosecution-created fallacy
* Executed Ethel when she refused to cooperate, despite knowing that she was not guilty of the charges and was not an active participant in ANY espionage activities.
And finally, the agencies and individuals involved in our parents’ case, systematically and emphatically covered-up and denied all these abuses.
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For information or interviews contact Amber Black, Rosenberg Fund for Children: (413) 529-0063, amber@rfc.org.